Spike extractor



F. A; JIMERSON 1,771,712

SPIKE EXTRACTOR July 29, 1930.

Filed June 8, 1928 IJYVENTOR. Frammali. Jzmemon H/S A TTORNEY.

Patented July 29, 1930 fares Y :RATENT Q F v runners inunnson, orA'rnEns, ms tvmusassmimaTo INGERSOLIi-RAND c 1 ooMPAN r, or JERSEY CITY, nnwmnsnvyn oon-roits'rronor NEW JERSEY" in part pointed out hereinafter."

SPIKE EXTRAo'ron- Application filed J1me s, ieea-useriai 283,886., i a

This invention relates to extractingfde- 5 vices, but more particularly to a spikeex- One object of, the invention is to facilitate the extraction of spikes from ties andsimilar articles. i

Other objects will be in part obvious and In thedrawings accompanying, the specification and p in which similar reference characters refer to similar parts, I t

Figure 1 is anelevationpartly in section,

of a spike. extractorconstructed in accordance w ththe pract ceof the invent on,

Figure 2 is sectional elevation taken through Figure 1 on the line 22 looking in the direction indicated by the arrows, and

Figure 3 ,isa sideelevation-of the extractlocated for extractinga spike.

Referring. moreparticularly to the 'drawings, the invention comprisesa frame A to which is. secured a cylinder Bby means of bolts'C. The cylinder B isprovided with a plunger'D and hasa removable end-head E t hreaded in thisinstance into therearward end of the cylinder. c V T o oppositezsides of thecylinderBare secured handles FandG for locatingthe ex- 40- l of fluid therefrom so that in .efliectit is also a throttlevalve' the Sake o'fisimphc'ity the iaws U andVto both the closed and open positions and for multiplyingthe force apmeans for controlling the admission of presc of illustration, the handle G is adapted to rotate relatively to the-cylinder-B andisheld against endwise movement with respect 7 thereto by meansof a flanged nut L forming anabutment for a flange O earriedby the,

Securedto the handle G- is a connection P j p p i i a coupling j. The couplingj 1s prefem tractor with'respect to the work, such as a spike H seated in a tie J forsecuring a rail K thereto. The handle F may consist-oi a pipe or-rod threaded into one side ofthe cylinder. Thehandle G in addition to its function as a handlejpreferably also serves as-a (sure fluid into the cylinder and theexhaust which n y p es reflu imm s it l source of supply (notshown), toa passage Q in handle G' and which passage is adapt- I ed to register with. passages R and S in the wall of theicylinder B and leading toithe forward and rearward ends respectively "of 7 said cylinder. The exhaust of. fluid from'the ends o f thecylinder is, eifected through a passage T 1n the handleG, said passage being adapted to communicate "at one endwiththe passages R and-S in the cylinder and at its oppesite end with the atmosphere. It is to be understood that the pressure fluid controlling feature ofthehandlefG forms no part of the. present inventionfl It is shown mere- 1 1y for illustrative purposes "and", any well Iknownth ottling device which possesses the dual funct ons of a handle and a throttle L valve maybe utilized forthis purpose. 1

The means adapted toengagethe spikeH for ex tractinggititrom;thetie K consistof a ,pair of' aws Ujand V pivotedtogethen intermediate theiriends ga s p ied/V. H The pin ,vV is -of such length-as to receive on one end thereofna guide rollergX adapted toroll n a guideway Yinone side-ofthe frameA for maintaining the jaws U and Vin opera- .tiveposition. Thenguide roller -Xabuts in- .this instancef fith itsinner end a washer Z adaptedtoslide on the inner surface of the trainer! and isfheldin operative position by a nut b-threadedointhepinVV, said nut also serving to clamp the jaws U and Y together. ,The gripping portions-c of the jaws Uland V areidenticaland. are adapted to oscillate inthe sanieiplaneg The jaws and V differ only with respect to the lever portions d and e of "the jaws: V1 and U 1 respectively, the jaw V having two lever portions d and thejaws U onewhich, inth'e assembled position, lies between the lever portions d. i

- Suitablemeans are provided for actuating plied to the piston D for retractingthekjaws to extract thespike from ithetie. These are pivoted onia" common-pivotfl supported jaws, the lin'ks g and 1/ are provided with in the frame A.

ably threaded on a rod secured at its uppermost end to'the piston D.

The toggle links f and g are in all respects identical. The links 9 liefiush against'each other and are interposed between the links f. Due to this arrangement, the links g may also extend between the lever portions 6! of the jaw V towhich they are pivotally se- (cnredbymeansof a pine-carrying a roller p rotatable in arcuate slots 9 inthe lowermost portion of the'links g. The lever portion 6 of the jaw U is secured to the links in -a like manner. In this. instance, however, the lever portion 6 extends between the links f, and the pin 0 Whereby'the lever portion 6 is connected tothe links gf carriesa pair of rollers fr disposed on opposite sides of the lever e torengagethearcuate'slots g of the links ,1 v i i In" order to enable the jaws U and V-to be closed onthe spike before themovement of thefpiston D becomeseftectivefor exertin}; a 'pull on the jaws .in a longitudinal direction, the slots 9 are of such conformation that the lowermost sides of the slots act as cam surfaces 8 which engage the rollers p sandy"; The curvature of'the cam surfacess is's uch that the longitudinal movement of the .rod is will not, at the initial movement of the piston D, resultin a similar movementof the jaws U and V; Theinovement of the cam surfaces 8 will merely resultin closing .thejaws .U and V ,withfout' impar'ting lany longitudinal ;movement"thereto.

In order to insure this closing effect of the arms t attheir uppermost surface's to bear on fu'lcrumsu supported in'fixed (position by theframe A. The fulcrums upreferablyconsist of rollers '10 disposed on pins @seated The arms 27 extend generally in the, direction of the cam surfaces sandserve to -assure theproper movement ofjthe cam surfaces 8 for'closi'ng the'jaws and also-act as leversfor 'multiplyingtheforce a pplied tothe piston maintained in the operativelposition and held against accidentally sliding .on e the ,ar-

D for thepurpose of overcoming great re sistance such as 18 frequently encountered in loosening a Y spike from the tie.

To the end that the device maybe readily -ticle' from which the spike is tobeextracted,

such as thetie. Jand the. raiLK, the,-frame A is provided with a pair of rail gr ps g which are secured, to opposite sides ofthe frame A byuneans of, screws The rail grips are preferably rigidly secured to the frame Aand i have .serratedsurfaces 2, at their lowermost :1, ends toengagethe article whereby the dev ce issupported. 1 H a 1 l fo 'e t maintain t e, rodfkseaxie iw t t e. cy n l 13, a guide .b ki may he l i posed on the pin it to slide in the'guideway Y. i

i Preferablythe-block' 3 is provided on'its I speed.

outer end with a flange A" to engage the outer surface of the frame A adjacent the guideway Y.

The operation'of the device is as follows: Whenever it is intended to remove a spike H from a tie J, theextractor is placed against the side of the rail K in the manner illustrated in Figures 2 and 3, it being assumed, of course, thatth'e. piston D is in its lowermost position to assure the I open position of the jaws U and V. Pressure fluid is then admitted into the lowermost portion of the movement to the gripping portionsc oft-he jaws. After the jaws U and V are closed on the spike H, further movement of the jaws in thisdirection will, of course, cease and from-this point on the upwardmovement of the piston D will cause the links 9 and f to efiect a'lever, action-of the jaws U and V and as a result the jaw, together with the spike will follow the-movement of the piston, although at a considerably slower Due tothe combination lever and cam action of 'tl1e'links, the force applied -t'othe jaws D will be greatly multiplied during thefirst stage, of longitudinal movement of the jaws. This is desirable for the reason that it is at this 'stage of the'operation of extracting a spike'that the maximum resistance isencountered. Such maximum force may extendthroughout a suitable portion of theextracting stroke of the piston to render the device applicable for use for extracting spikes from rails of different types in which,

of course, the distance from the tie to the *head of the spike varies I j When the jawsLU and V have been retracted a 'sufficient distance to loosen the spike Hbt'rom the tie the innermost portions of the links 9 and fiwill be elevated to such a point that t-herollers 7p and r engage the ends of the arcuate slots of the links 9 and f thus preventing further rotation .of the links aboutthe pin it and the lever action of the "links is no'longer effective since then the arms t are raised'above the fulcrums u. 7 From this point onlythe force applied to the piston D will exert a pulling effect for raising the front end of the cylinder. Atthe same time the passage Q, will register with the passage S 7 most end of the cylinder to again restore the for admitting pressure fluid into the upperpiston and the, extracting elements to their initial positions.

After the spike has been extracted from the tie J, said spike will remain between the jaws U and V during the entire upward or retracting stroke'of the piston D as well as during a portion of the downward or return stroke of the piston. As thepiston again approaches its initial position the arms t of the toggle links 7 and 9 will be engaged by the fulcrums a so that as the jaws U and V are lowered they will again be opened by the cam surfaces 5. In this waythe spike H will be automatically released from the jaws an d the jaws will be in the open position in readiness for engaging another spike. V

The present invention has been found to be unusually effective for extracting spikes from an article in which they are embedded. A spike may be readily and quickly removed with a minimum of'manual efiort and, owin g to the direct pull which the device exerts on the spike forextracting it, the spike will not be distorted and becomeunfit for repeated use as is the case with spikes removed by means of bars or hooks. Moreover, the extractor is adapted for use with all types of spikes regardless of form or size as the jaws U and V are adapted to exert the same gripping action in all cases.

'I claim:

1. A spike extractor comprising a pair of jaws, a frame, pressure actuated means on T theframe for retracting the aws to. extract a spike from anarticle in which itis embedded, and means .pivotally connected to said jaws and the pressure actuated means and adapted to act against the frame for first closing the jaws before the retracting movement of said pressure actuated means hecomes effective for retractingthe jaws.

2. A spike extractor comprising a frame," a cylinder on the frame providedwith a piston, a rod on the piston, a PQAIIOIE aws adapt ed to'grasp a spike, lever portionscarriedby the jaws, toggle-links pivoted to theirod, and cam surfaces on the toggle links acting against the lever portions for closing the aws on a spike before the movement ofthe piston becomes effective for retractingthe aws.

3. A spike extractor comprising a' frame having a guidewa a cylinderon the frame provided with a piston, a rod on thepiston, a pair of jaws adapted tog rasp aspike, lever portions carried by tllGJLWS, toggle links pivoted to the rod, cam surfaces on the toggle links acting against'the lever portions for closing the jaws on a spike before the move- 'mentofthe piston becomes efiectiv'efor retracting the jaws, and a block carried by the rod extending into the guideway. and interlockingly engaging the frame for preventing transverse movement of the toggle links.

4. A spike extractor comprising spike engaging means pressure actuated. means for actuating said engaging means, link means connecting the engaging means to the pressure actuated means, and means-fixed relatively to the link means and forming 'abutments for th'e'link meansto multiply the forceoflthe pressure actuated means during the operation ofdislodging a spikefrom an article in which it is embedded." f i 5. A spike extractor comprising a frame, a cylinder onthe frame provided with a piston, a rod on the piston, means adapted to en- I gage a spike, toggle linkspivotolly connected to the rod and said means, 'fulcrums on the frame, and armsfon the links bearing on the 1 fulcrums to multiplythe force ofthepiston during the early portion of the stroke of the; piston for dislodging a spike from an article in'which it is embeddedra 6. A spike extractor comprising aframe', a cylinder on the frame provided with a piston,

a rod on the piston, a pair of adapted to a grasp a spike, toggle, links pivotally connected to therodand the jaws, cams on the toggle links for closing the jaws on, a spike, fulcrums on the frame, andiarms on the links bearing on the fulcr'uins to multiply the force: of the piston duringthe initial movement of the piston"forfdislotlging a spikefrom an article in which it is embedded;

7 A spike-extractor comprisinga frame,- a- Cylinder on the :frame provided with pieton, a rod on the piston,'jawsadapted to engage a spike, fulcrums on the frame,*t'og'- gle means connecting saidrod and saidjaws and comprising cam and lever elements cooperating withsaid jaws and said fulcrums to multiply theforce exertedbyflthe piston during a portion of its-stroke for dislodging spike from anfarticle in which it is"e1nbedded. i i v 8.-A spike extractor comprising spike en gagmg means, a pressure actuated piston, integral cam and leverelements connecting said engaging means and" sa1d-p'1ston,= and means forming abutments for the: lever elements whereby the force transmitted by saidpiston to said engaging means is multiplied I for dislodgingfa spike from an article in which it is embeddedn 9. A spike extractorcomprising spike engaging means, a pressure actuated piston to actuate the engaging means,integral cam and level elements connecting said engaging means and said piston, and abutments arranged fixedly with respect to the lever elements and forming seats therefor to enable" cams to multiply the force,transmitted by said piston to sald engaging means dur ing a portion of the, stroke of said piston.

10. Al spike ext-ractor comprising a frame,

' a] cylinder on the frame provided with a. pis- V V ton, a rod on the vpiston, apair of jaws. adapted to grasp a. spike, toggle links pivotally eonnectechto the rod andthejaws,,cams on the toggle links for closing the jaws on a spike, fnlcrums 'on the frame, and arms on the. links bearing on the inlcrums to multiply the force of the piston during the initial ,n oven entofthe piston for dislodging a spike and,toopen the jaws for releasing the m spike during the return strokeof the piston. 11;. A spike extractor comprising aframe, a cylinder on thee-frame, provided with a piston, a rod on the piston,a pair ofjaws adapted, to graspa-spike, toggle linkspivotally ,1 connected to the rod-and the jaws, cams on the toggle links for closing the jaws on a spike, iulcrumsonthe frame,- and arms on the links hearing onthe fulcrums to multiply the force of the piston during the initial i moyement of the piston for dislodging a spike andto opelithe jaws forreleasing the spike as the piston approaches the end of its return stroke. m

l2; Aspike extractorcomprising a frame 5 provided with 'fulcrums, a cylinder on the frame, apiston in the cylinder and carrying a rod, a pair of jawsadapted to grasp a spike, toggle links pivoted to the rod, cam surfaces on the toggle links, means associated with the v 0 jaws adapted .to bear on thecam s11r1"taces A ,at pointsintermediate the rod and the fulcrulns, and means on the toggle links adapted to bear against the fulcrumsfor multiplying the force exerted by thepiston during a por- .tion of the stroke ofsaid piston for dislodgingaspikefrom an article in which it is emdded; 7 '13.- A spike extractor comprising a frame provided with fulcrums, a cylinder on the 40 ;fra1ne,.a pfiston in the cylinder and carrying I a rod,-togglelinks pivoted to the rod, 'cam surfaces on thetoggle links, a pair of jaws adapted to grasp. a spike and having rearwardly extending lever portions, means on the lever portions for-engaging the cam surfaces atpoints intermediate the rod and the fulcrums to pivotally secure the lever por tions to thetoggle links, and means ,on the o toggle links adapted to bear against the fnl-' crums to multiply the force exerted by the,

piston during a portion of the. stroke of said o piston fordislodging a spike from an article in which it is embedded. V e In testimonywhereot I have signed this .specification.

- NCIS AL-JIMERsON. 

